About... The Joint Support / Enzyme Formulas

Bromelain

Bromelain is a proteolytic enzyme that can modify prostaglandins (Med Hypoth 1980;6:99-104) and augment the action of natural tissue proteases at the site of injuries (Hiroshima J Med Sci 1975;24:185-93). Promotion of normal circulation and optimization of tissue repair require the timely degradation of immunoproteins, fibrin and cell debris when needed (Phys Med Rehab 1987;1:523-36). Administered orally on an empty stomach, bromelain is absorbed into the bloodstream in amounts effective for supporting a positive healing response (Am J Physiol 1997;273:G139-46; Jpn J Pharmacol 1972;22:519-34). Bromelain is a natural inhibitor of platelet activity, which may be helpful in promoting optimal blood circulation (Acta Med Empirica 1978; 5:274-8; Angiology 1969;20:22-6). The consensus of scientific opinion suggests that orally-administered bromelain, taken on an empty stomach, helps maintain a homeostatic immune response and supports normal reparative activities in a variety of body tissues (Altern Med Rev 1996;1:243-57; Hiroshima J Med Sci 1975;24:185-93).

Glucosamine

‘Chondroprotection’ is an important new concept in rheumatology, referring to the use of agents that actually build and protect the joint surfaces, rather than merely suppressing symptomatic expressions of joint erosion (Rheumatology [Oxford] 2006;45:129-38). Glucosamine is an amino sugar and the core building block of mucopolysaccharides, which form a primary component of the ground substance of articular cartilage (Ann Pharmacother 1998;32:574-9). Glucosamine sulfate has been shown to help maintain long-term, comfortable function of joint structures (JAMA 2000;283:1469-75; Ann Pharmacother 1998;32:580-7). Recent research has shown significant chondroprotection of joint tissues with long-term use of glucosamine sulfate (Ann Pharmacother 2005;39:1080-7; Lancet 2001;357:251–6). Other supplements containing glucosamine hydrochloride rather than the sulfate salt do not appear to reliably benefit joint health (N Engl J Med 2006;354:795-808; J Rheumatol 1999;26:2423-30). A report suggested that the sulfate portion might be a key factor in the effectiveness of glucosamine sulfate (Metabolism 2001;50:767-70). Potassium chloride (KCl) is a more expensive stabilizer of glucosamine sulfate, but may be preferable to sodium-containing stabilizers.

Chondrotin Sulfate

Chondroitin sulfate, a glycosaminoglycan (GAG), is a critical constituent of the ground substance of connective tissue, which creates a gelatin-like matrix that holds and nourishes protein fibers. (Semin Arthritis Rheum 2001;31:58-68). Two meta-analyses of numerous controlled clinical trials concluded that oral chondroitin sulfate helps maintain long-term, comfortable function of joint structures (JAMA 2000;283:1469-75, J Rheumatol 2000;27:205-11). Chondroprotective effects of oral chondroitin sulfate have also been demonstrated in clinical studies (Osteoarthritis Cartilage 1998;6(Suppl A):37–46, Curr Ther Res 1992;52:608–38).

Methylsulfonylmethane (MSM)

Methylsulfonylmethane (MSM) supplies sulfur, an important constituent of sulfated glycosaminoglycans that are vital for joint health (Patol Fiziol Eksp Ter 1991 Mar-Apr;(2):37-9). Double-blind research has demonstrated that MSM is superior to placebo for helping to maintain long-term, comfortable function of joint structures (Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2006;14:286-94; Clin Drug Invest 2004;24:353-63; Int J of Anti-Aging Med 1998;1(1):50).

Valerian

Valerian’s active compounds, including valepotriates and valerenic acid, have been shown to effectively potentiate GABA receptor function in the central nervous system (J Pharm Pharmacol 1999;51: 505-12). Valerian root has been shown in clinical studies to reduce sleep latency and promote sleep stages 3 and 4 (Pharmacol Biochem Behav 1982;17:65-71; Planta Med 1985; 51:144-8). Valerian may improve the ability of humans to cope with mental stress (Pharmacopsychiatry 1988;21:447-8). Valerian has proven to be non-addictive and does not contribute to a ‘hung-over’ morning feeling following use (Pharmacopsychiatry 1999;32:235-41).

Ashwagandha Root

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Time-honored Ayurvedic regimen for support of the immune system and general health

Product # 5116

120 capsules

Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) has a long history of use in enhancing innate resistance to disease and environmental contaminants. It is one of the most important herbs in traditional Ayurvedic medicine because it helps individuals adapt to stressful conditions, both mental and physical, and aids in maintaining a calm, positive mental attitude. Ashwagandha is an all-purpose immunomodulator that also promotes healthy function of vital organs and helped improve joint function in one human trial, presumably due to its influence on prostanoids and acute phase reactants. It may be particularly helpful for supporting long-term health by maintaining the body’s innate balance.

• Ashwagandha has been used for thousands of years to promote physical and mental health, and to enhance innate resistance to disease (American Herbal Pharmacopoeia & Therapeutic Compendium, April 2000).
• Ashwagandha helps support normal joint function (J Ethnopharmacol 1991;33:91-95).
• Ashwagandha helps support inhibitory effects on cyclooxygenase (COX) enzyme activity as well as suppressing the formation of several acute phase reactants (Indian J Exp Biol 1988;26:877-82).
• Ashwagandha beneficially modulates immune function (J Ethnopharmacol 1999;67:27-35).
• Ashwagandha helps the body adapt healthfully to the effects of environmental toxins (Pharmacol Res 2000;41:663-6).

Supplement Facts Serving Size - 2 Capsules Servings per container 60
Amount per serving:		%DV
Ashwagandha root (Withania somnifera)	1200 mg	†
† Daily Value (DV) not established

Other ingredients: vegetarian capsule, cellulose, magnesium stearate, silicon dioxide

Suggested use for adults:

• 2-4 capsules early morning and afternoon, or as directed by your health practitioner.

Caution: Not appropriate for pregnant or lactating women.

BackEze

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Standardized herb and vitamin combination for musculoskeletal comfort

Product # 9136

90 capsules

Devil’s Claw has documented neuroinhibiting and immunomodulating effects, including downregulation of enzymes that produce leukotrienes responsible for autoimmune and related physiological reactivity. Standardized extracts containing high amounts of harpagosides achieve these effects with minimal side effects for long-term safety. Vitamins B1, B6, and B12, as well as vitamin C, enhance the body’s return to immune homeostasis and appear to optimize healing activity in spinal tissues.

• Devils Claw is an African plant containing harpagoside and other neuroinhibiting and immunomodulating constituents (Wien Med Wochenschr 1999;149:254-7).
• Numerous clinical studies demonstrate that concentrated Devil's Claw extracts support spinal health with minimal side effects (Rheumatology [Oxford] 2003;42:141-9; Eur J Anaesthesiol 1999;16:118-29; Phytomedicine 1996;3:1-10).
• Support for normal muscle function and spinal mobility were also shown to result from use of Devil's Claw extracts (Schmerz 2001;15:10-18; Phytother Res 2001;15:621-4).
• Vitamins B1, B6 and B12 appear to enhance the body’s return to immune homeostasis and appear to optimize healing activity in spinal tissues (Klin Wochenschr 1990;68:107-15; Klin Wochenschr 1990;68:116-20; Z Rheumatol 1988;47:351-62).
• Vitamin C may be an important adjunct for supporting normal integrity of intervertebral discs (Med Ann Dist of Columbia 1964;33:274-6).

Supplement Facts Serving Size - 1 Capsules Servings per container 90
Amount per serving:		%DV
Vitamin C (non-corn ascorbic acid)	167 mg	278%
Vitamin B1 (thiamine)	50 mg	3333%
Vitamin B6 (pyrodoxine HCI)	50 mg	2500%
Vitamin B12 (cyanocobalamine)	250 mcg	4167%
Devils Claw (Harpagophytum procumbens)**	320 mg	†
† Daily Value (DV) not established

** From 320mg of a dried 4:1 alcohol extract

Suggested use for adults:

• 1 capsule 3 times daily, away from meals, or as directed.

BromeZyme

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High activity proteolytic enzymes for optimum tissue repair

Product # 3101

90 tablets

tablets

Bromelain, a complex of proteolytic enzymes extracted from pineapple stems, helps promote homeostasis of prostanoid activity and supports normal physiological responses to the accumulation of immunoproteins, fibrin and cell debris in certain tissues. Bromelain is among the most extensively researched of proteolytic enzymes and is useful for supporting normal reparative activities in a variety of body tissues, but especially in soft tissues and joints. Bromelain beneficially modulates platelet function for optimal blood circulation. If taken with food, bromelain promotes healthy digestion; taken away from meals, absorption into the blood and resulting systemic effects predominate. Karuna offers two potencies of bromelain for flexibility in recommending dose amounts and durations (see also next product: BromeZyme 2400™).

• Refer to About...Bromelain (see above)

Supplement Facts Serving Size - 1 Tablet Servings per container 90
Amount per serving:		%DV
Bromelain (1200 gdu/gm*)	500 mg	†
† Daily Value (DV) not established

*gdu/gm (‘gelatin digestive units’ per gram), a standard rating index of enzyme potency, equivalent to 1800 mcu/gm (milk clotting units per gram)

Other ingredients: cellulose, stearic acid, vegetable stearine, dextrose

Suggested use for adults:

• One tablet three times daily, or as directed.

BromeZyme 2400

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Concentrated high activity proteolytic enzymes from pineapple, for optimum tissue repair

Product # 3102

90 tablets

tablet

• Refer to About...Bromelain (see above)

Supplement Facts Serving Size - 1 Tablet Servings per container 90
Amount per serving:		%DV
Bromelain (2400 gdu/gm*)	500 mg	†
† Daily Value (DV) not established

* Gdu/gm -‘gelatin digestive units’ per gram, a standard rating index of enzyme potency, equivalent to approximately 3600 mcu/gm (milk clotting units/gram).

Suggested use for adults:

• One tablet three times daily, or as directed.

BromInj

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Anti-inflammatory formula designed to facilitate injury healing

Product # 9119

60 tablets

tablet

Product # 9103

120 tablets

tablet

BromInj is a powerful formulation containing high potencies of proteolytic enzymes, botanical extracts, quercetin, and vitamin C to support homeostasis during the healing process. In addition to bromelain for proteolytic activity, BromInj contains purified curcumin from turmeric, known for its antioxidant and anti-prostanoid activity, and willow bark, a natural source of salicylates. Vitamin C and quercetin, a bioflavonoid, are included to facilitate normal reparative activities in various body tissues. BromInj works best when taken on an empty stomach.

• Refer to About...Bromelain (see above)
• Curcumin is a natural inhibitor of cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) and related enzymes (Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2001;96:723-8; Carcinogenesis 1999;20:445-51); human research has shown curcumin to help prevent fluid shifts between tissues during the healing process (Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther Toxicol 1986:24;651-54).
• Willow bark is a natural source of salicylates and other compounds possessing prostanoid-modifying and antioxidant activities (J Agric Food Chem 1999;47:3954-62; Planta Med 1990;56:660; The Merck Index 1996, 1432), but is relatively free of side effects (German Commission E 1998, 230).
• Bioflavonoids and vitamin C have been used in human studies to facilitate normal reparative activities in various body tissues (Med Times 1962;90:529-32, Med Times 1960;88:313-314).

Supplement Facts Serving Size - 4 Tablets Servings per container 15 or 30
Amount per serving:		%DV
Vitamin C (ascorbic acid)	1000 mg	1667%
Bromelain (1600 gdu/gm)**	1500 mg	†
Circumin (Curcuma longa)	1200 mg	†
Willow Bark (Salix alba) extract**	900 mg	†
Quercetin (a bioflavonoid)	300 mg	†
† Daily Value (DV) not established

** Gdu/gm (‘gelatin digestive units’ per gram), a standard rating index of enzyme potency equivalent to 150% of 'mcu's
*** Standardized to 11% salycin

Other ingredients: vegetable stearine, stearic acid, silica

Suggested use for adults:

• Four tablets daily, or as directed.

Cetyl Myristoleate

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11.0% pure cetyl myristoleate for joint health

Product # 8103

120 capsules

Cetyl Myristoleate (CM) is the common name for cis-9-myristoleate, a natural fatty acid ester. CM is normally found in animal species possessing remarkably healthy joint tissue. Human research confirms that CM supports normal joint function. Research suggests that CM acts by facilitating joint lubrication and modifying the immune response.

• Cetyl myristoleate is a unique natural fatty acid found in tissues of animal species possessing remarkably health joint tissue (J Pharm Sci 1994;83:296-9).
• Controlled human research has documented the ability of cetyl myristoleate to support normal joint function (Townsend Letter for Doctors and Patients 1997; (Aug/Sept):58-63).
• Karuna’s Cetyl Myristoleate is sourced from the highest quality, 11% pure, natural fatty acid ester extract.

Supplement Facts Serving Size - 2 Capsules Servings per container 60
Amount per serving:		%DV
Cetyl Myristoleate Complex**	550 mg	†
** 50% Mixed Fatty Acid Esters:
Cetyl Myristoleate	110.0 mg	†
Cetyl Myristate	146.3 mg	†
Other Cetyl Esters	18.7 mg	†
† Daily Value (DV) not established

Other ingredients: vegetable capsule, cellulose, silicon dioxide, magnesium stearate, corn starch.

Suggested use for adults:

• Two capsules three times a day on an empty stomach, about 30-45 minutes before meals, or just prior to meals, for 40 days, then as needed, or as directed.

ChondroGuard

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Complete nutritional support for connective tissue healing

Product # 9106

90 capsules

gelatin

ChondroGuard contains chondroitin sulfate and a complex of vitamins and minerals that participate in the repair and maintenance of connective tissue. Bovine tracheal cartilage provides a clinically tested source of chondroitin sulfate, which is an important precursor for re-synthesis of disrupted or decomposed connective tissue structures. Vitamins A, B5, C and E, and the minerals zinc, copper, and manganese are included to prevent deficiencies known to impair tissue healing. Vitamin C appears to have further benefits as a protector of joint tissues subjected to excessive wear and tear. Vitamins B1, B6 and B12 also have important roles in the healing process, and appear to optimize healing activity in spinal tissues. Equisetum (horsetail) is added as a botanical source of organic silicon, which is believed to have an important function in the formation and maintenance of connective tissue.

• Refer to About...Chondroitin Sulfate (see above)
• Adequate intake of several vitamins and minerals, including vitamin A, vitamin C, zinc, copper, and manganese, are required for normal tissue healing (J Orthomolecular Med 1991;6:31-43, Br J Dermatol 1999; 140:26-34).
• Vitamin C, in preliminary human and animal studies, has demonstrated significant chondroprotective effects (Arth Rheum 1996;39:648-56; Int J Vit Nutr Res Suppl 1984;26:141-6).
• Vitamins B1, B6 and B12 appear to enhance the body’s return to immune homeostasis and appear to optimize healing activity in spinal tissues (Klin Wochenschr 1990;68:107–20; Ann NY Acad Sci 1990;585:54–62).
• Horsetail is a natural source of the mineral silicon, which appears to play important roles in the formation and maintenance of connective tissue (Nutr Today 1993;28:13–8).

Supplement Facts Serving Size - 3 Capsules Servings per container 30
Amount per serving:		%DV
Vitamin A (natural beta-carotene)	5000 IU	100%
Vitamin C (ascorbic acid)	500 mg	833%
Vitamin E (d-alpha-tocopherol)	100 IU	333%
Vitamin B1 (thiamine)	150 mg	10000%
Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine HCI)	150 mg	7500%
Vitamin B12 (cyanocobalomin)	750 mcg	12500%
Vitamin B5 ( d-calcium pantothenate)	500 mg	5000%
Zinc (citrate)	30 mg	200%
Selenium (l-selenomethionine)	70 mcg	100%
Copper (amino acid chelate)	2 mg	100%
Maganese (amino acid chelate)	30 mg	1500%
Chondroitan sulfate**	800 mg	†
Silicon (Equisetum arvense)***	2 mg	†
† Daily Value (DV) not established

*from certified BSE-free bovine tracheal cartilage
**plant silica source providing 2 mg silicon

Other ingredient: magnesium stearate

Suggested use for adults:

• Three capsules daily, taken away from meals, or as directed.

Chondroitin Sulfate

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Proven BSE-free bovine cartilage extract for joint health

Product # 8112

60 capsules

gelatin

Chondroitin sulfate is a glycosaminoglycan (GAG) that is a critical constituent of the ground substance of connective tissue, which creates a gelatin-like matrix that holds and nourishes protein fibers, and helps provide shape, lubrication and shock absorption to bone, cartilage, inter­vertebral disc material, and synovial fluid. Bovine tracheal cartilage is a common source for supplemental chondroitin sulfate (CS), which may supply important precursors for resynthesis of disrupted or decomposed connective tissue structures. Both intact CS consumed orally as well as additionally absorbed digestive breakdown products may account for the consistent benefit demonstrated in studies of joint health, including evidence of chondroprotection. This single ingredient product offers flexibility when combined with other cartilage support solutions.

• Refer to About...Chondroitin Sulfate (see above).

Supplement Facts Serving Size - 1Capsule Servings per container 60
Amount per serving:		%DV
Chrondroitan Sulfate**	400 mg	†
† Daily Value (DV) not established

** From FDA certified BSE-free bovine source

Suggested use for adults:

• One capsule two times per day, or as directed.

GlucoPlex

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Glucosamine sulfate with niacinamide

Product # 9110

90 capsules

gelatin

GlucoPlex contains an array of nutrients that participate in maintaining the integrity of healthy connective tissue. Glucosamine sulfate and niacinamide are both well-documented as effective promoters of healthy joint function. Potassium chloride (KCl) is a more expensive stabilizer of glucosamine sulfate, but is often preferred over sodium chloride (NaCl).

• Refer to About...Glucosamine (see above)
• Niacinamide has a long history of clinical investigation for its effects on improving joint function (J Int Acad Prev Med 1983; Winter:5-25)..
• A recent double-blind trial found niacinamide safe and effective for helping to maintain long-term, comfortable function of joint structures (Inflamm Res 1996;45:330-34).

Supplement Facts Serving Size - 3 Capsules Servings per container 30
Amount per serving:		%DV
Vitamin B2 (riboflavin)	30 mg	1765%
Vitamin B3 (niacinamide)	1200 mg	6000%
Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine HCI)	45 mg	2250%
Glucosamine (sulfate KCI) (shrimp)	1500 mg	†
Betaine-HCI	150 mg	†
L-Methionine	150 mg	†
Boron (citrate)	1.5 mg	†
† Daily Value (DV) not established

Other ingredient: magnesium stearate

WARNING: Persons with a known allergy to shellfish should not use this product.

Suggested use for adults:

• Three capsules daily with meals, in divided doses, or as directed.

Glucosamine/MSM

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Popular combination in clinically-validated amounts

Product # 9126

180 capsules

gelatin

Glucosamine/MSM combines two of the most popular natural agents used in joint health research in the forms and doses validated most likely to be effective. Glucosamine sulfate (in the sodium-free KCl form) has earned its popularity: many clinical studies have proven its bioavailability and chondroprotective activity. MSM, also known as “DMSO2”, is a crystalline DMSO like compound that supplies sulfur a key nutrient for the growth and maintenance of connective tissues. Evidence is rapidly accumulating to justify professional acceptance of MSM containing products. The Glucosamine/MSM combination makes for a rational, economical and powerful choice for supporting long-term, comfortable function of joint structures.

• Refer to About…Glucosamine, About…Chondroitin Sulfate and About…MSM above.
• Recent human research has validated the synergistic action of glucosamine/MSM combinations to promote joint health (Clin Drug Invest 2004;24:353-63).

Supplement Facts Serving Size - 6 Capsules Servings per container 30
Amount per serving:		%DV
Glucosamine (sulfate KCI) (shrimp)	1500 mg	†
MSM (Methylsulfonylmethane)	2250 mg	†
† Daily Value (DV) not established

Other ingredient: magnesium stearate

WARNING: Persons with a known allergy to shellfish should not use this product.

Suggested use for adults:

• Six capsules daily, in divided doses (with meals), or as directed.

GS/CS/MSM Liquid

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Comprehensive liquid-based cartilage tissue support

Product # 9138

16 fluid oz.

liquid

Liquid supplement formulations are often more convenient for many patients, are easier to swallow, and may be more efficiently absorbed. GS/CS/MSM Liquid is the answer to the search for safer alternatives to support long-term, comfortable function of joint structures. Glucosamine sulfate, chondroitin sulfate, and methylsulfonylmethane (MSM) are precursor molecules in the formation of essential structural components by chondrocytes. Low-molecular weight chondroitin sulfate (CS) stimulates proteoglycan production and inhibits the degradation of cartilage molecules. Glucosamine sulfate use has demonstrated significant chondroprotective properties in human clinical studies. MethylSulfonylMethane (MSM) is a naturally occurring, low-toxicity, organic sulfur-containing compound that contributes to critical tissue sulfur pools important for the production of sulfated cartilage components.

• Refer to About…Glucosamine, About…Chondroitin Sulfate and About…MSM above.
• Unlike most combination products for cartilage support, GS/CS/MSM Liquid™ uses glucosamine in the sulfate form instead of the inferior and poorly researched hydrochloride form..

Supplement Facts Serving Size - 1 Tablespoon ( 1/2 ounce ) Servings per container 32
Amount per serving:		%DV
Calories	12.42	<1%
Carbohydrate	2.78 g	<1%
Sugars	588 mg
Protein	248 mg	<1%
MSM (Methylsulfonylmethane)	1,125 mg	†
Glucosamine Sulfate (KCl)(shrimp)	750 mg	†
Chondroitin Sulfate **	600 mg	†
† Daily Value (DV) not established

** Chondroitin Sulfate is from BSE-free bovine tracheal cartilage.

Other ingredients: purified water, glycerin, natural strawberry flavor, citric acid, stevia, xanthan gum, potassium sorbate

WARNING: Persons with a known allergy to shellfish should not use this product.

Suggested use for adults:

• One tablespoon, 1-2 times daily with meals, or as directed by your health care practitioner.

GlucoSulfate KCl

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Pure glucosamine sulfate KCl for joint health

Product # 8105

90 capsules

gelatin

Product # 8114

180 capsules

gelatin

Glucosamine sulfate is an important precursor to mucopolysaccharides (MPS) or glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), which are major constituents of connective tissue vitally important for the development and repair of skin, cartilage, ligaments, bones, and the basement membrane of blood vessels and other tissues. Potassium chloride is the preferred stabilizer of GS for anyone concerned about sodium intake. This single ingredient product offers flexibility when combined with other cartilage support solutions.

• Refer to About…Glucosamine, About…Chondroitin Sulfate and About…MSM above.

Supplement Facts Serving Size - 1 capsules Servings per container 90 or 180
Amount per serving:		%DV
Glucosamine (sulfate KCI) (shrimp)	500 mg	†
† Daily Value (DV) not established

Other ingredients: gelatin capsule, rice flour

Warning: Persons with a known allergy to shellfish should not use this product.

Suggested use for adults:

• One capsule, three times daily with meals, or as directed.

MSM (OptiMSM)

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Product # 8113

90 capsules

Methylsulfonylmethane (MSM), also known as “DMSO2,” is a crystalline DMSO-like compound that provides a naturally-occurring, low-toxicity source of organic sulfur, an important constituent of sulfated glycosaminoglycans that are vital for joint health. Diminished sulfur content in cartilage may lead to impaired maintenance of these tissues. Double-blind research has demonstrated that MSM is superior to placebo for helping to maintain long-term, comfortable function of joint structures. Emerging research suggests additional roles, including antioxidant protection, homocysteine reduction, and support of normal upper respiratory function during seasonal pollen count elevations. OptiMSM™ is the industry standard for pure, high-quality MSM.

• Refer to About...Methylsulfonylmethane (MSM) (see above)
• MSM may help maintain normal upper respiratory function during seasons when pollen counts are high (J Altern Complement Med 2002; 8:167-73).
• Human research has reported improved homocysteine metabolism and reduction of an indicator of oxidant stress among subjects taking MSM (Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2006; 14:286-94).

Supplement Facts Serving Size - 1 Capsule Servings per container 90
Amount per serving:		%DV
OptiMSM*	750 mg	†
† Daily Value (DV) not established

* Methylsulfonylmethane

Other ingredient: vegetarian capsule

Suggested use for adults:

• One to three capsules per day, or as directed.

MSM Plus

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Organic sulfur and botanical extracts for joint health

Product # 9123

120 capsules

MSM Plus supports cartilage health with Methylsulfonylmethane (MSM) along with botanicals from the Ayurvedic medical tradition that possess immune activity-balancing properties. Boswellia serrata (Indian Frankincense), a source of boswellic acids, has traditionally been used to enhance the health of joints. Curcumin is a highly purified extract of Turmeric (Curcuma longa), used similarly in Central and East Asia. Both curcumin and boswellic acids support normal regulation of immune system activity by helping to balance the production of prostaglandins and leukotrienes. MSM Plus contains daily dosages of all ingredients in the amounts supported by clinical trials.

• Refer to About...Methylsulfonylmethane (MSM) (see above).
• Boswellia serrata, a source of boswellic acids, has traditionally been used to enhance the health of joints, and to help resist undesirable age-related changes in the joints (Altern Med Rev 1998 Aug; 3(4):306-7)..
• Both curcumin and boswellic acids support normal regulation of immune system activity by helping to balance the production of prostaglandins and leukotrienes (J Ethnopharmacol 1993;38:113-9)..
• Both Boswellia extracts, standardized for boswellic acids, and curcumin have been effective either alone or in combination formulas for supporting long-term, comfortable function of joint structures in controlled human trials (Phytomedicine 2003;10:3-7; J Ethnopharm 1991; 33:91–5; Ind J Med Res 1980;71:632–34).

Supplement Facts Serving Size - 2 Capsules Servings per container 60
Amount per serving:		%DV
MSM (Methylsulfonylmethane)	1125 mg	†
Boswelia (Boswellia serrata)**	350 mg	†
Curcumin (Curcuma longa)***	200 mg	†
† Daily Value (DV) not established

** Standardized to 65% Boswellic acids
*** Standardized to 95% Curcumin

Suggested use for adults:

• Two capsules, two times daily with meals, or as directed..

MyoCalm

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Botanicals and nutrients for neuromuscular stability

Product # 5114

60 tablets

tablet

MyoCalm provides a variety of natural agents to promote relaxation and normal muscle tone. Herbal extracts concentrate the active constituents of botanicals, permitting better results with fewer tablets. The 4:1 concentrates of valerian, passiflora and black cohosh used in MyoCalm deliver 4 times the activity of unconcentrated herbs. Calcium and magnesium are essential to normal neuromuscular function. Vitamin B6 is required for the formation of several neurotransmitters, and niacinamide is associated with relaxing effects on mental function according to preliminary studies. MyoCalm does not induce sleep, but enhanced relaxation may facilitate sleep onset.

• Refer to About...Valerian (see above).
• MyoCalm contains a complementary array of ingredients that stabilize neuromuscular function and oppose the tendency toward excessive muscular activity.
• Passion flower contains flavonoid compounds shown to have relaxing effects (Zeitschrift Phytother 1995;15:115-26).
• Valerian and passion flower are principal ingredients of numerous herbal calming compounds in the U.K. and Europe. They have been used empirically for centuries to provide an antispasmodic tension relief.
• Clinical research has documented that valerian/passion flower combinations may help stabilize mood and promote relaxation in humans (Quart Rev Nat Med 1994; Fall:221-4).
• Black cohosh has improved mood and sleep in women entering menopause (Gynecol Endocrinol 2005;20:30-5; Planta Medica 1991; 57:420-4).
• Calcium and magnesium are essential nutrients having well-recognized effects on neuromuscular function, although clinical studies of these effects are lacking.
• Experimental studies and case reports suggest that magnesium has a special role in opposing neuromuscular hyperexcitability (Med Sci Monit 2002; 8:CR326-30; Eur J Neurol 2000;7:741-4; S Afr Med J 1985;68:332-3; Phys. Sportsmed 1983;11:79-81).
• Niacinamide has been associated with relaxing effects on mental function in animal studies (Nature 1979;278:563-5).

Supplement Facts Serving Size - 1 Tablet Servings per container 60
Amount per serving:		%DV
B3 (niacinamide)	100 mg	500%
B6 (pyridoxine HCl)	50 mg	2500%
Calcium (citrate/malate 1:1)	75 mg	8%
Magnesium (Glycinate)	75 mg	19%
Valerian (Valeriana officinalis )**	175 mg*	†
Passion Flower (Passiflora incarnata)	100 mg*	†
Black Cohosh (Cimicifuga racemosa)	100 mg*	†
† Daily Value (DV) not established

* 4:1 concentrated herbal extract
** Standardized to 0.8% valerenic acid

Other ingredients: vegetable stearine, cellulose

Suggested use for adults:

• Two tablets with breakfast and two more 30 minutes before bedtime.

P.T.I.

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Botanical and nutritional factors for an optimal healing response

Product # 9113

60 capsules

P.T.I. is a high-potency combination designed to support normal neuromuscular and immune activity for short-term use during the early stages of the healing process. Neuromuscular stability is supported with valerian, passion flower, and black cohosh concentrates, as well as calcium, magnesium and niacinamide. Immune activity is balanced with bromelain and concentrated willow bark extract. Local blood vessel permeability and fluid balance are regulated with the help of citrus bioflavonoids. For best results, take on an empty stomach (30 minutes prior to or 2 hours after a meal).

• Refer to About...Bromelain, and About...Valerian (see above)

Supplement Facts Serving Size - 4 Capsules Servings per container 15
Amount per serving:		%DV
Vitamin B3 (niacinamid)	200 mg	1000%
Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine HCI)	30 mg	1500%
Calcium (citrate)	100 mg	10%
Magnesium (citrate)	100 mg	25%
Potassium (chloride)	20 mg	<1%
Mixed Citrus Bioflavonoids(50% conc.)	100 mg	†
Bromelain (1500 gdu/gm)*	300 mcg	†
Valerian (Valeriana officinalis)**	300 mg	†
Passion Flower (Psifli. incarnata) 4:1	300 mg	†
Wild Yam (Discorea villosa) 4:1	250 mg	†
Willow Bark (Salix alba)*** 4:1	200 mg	†
Black Cohosh (Cimicifuga racemosa) 4:1	125 mg	†
† Daily Value (DV) not established

* Gdu/gm ('gelatin digestive units') a standard rating of enzyme potency
** Standardized to 0.8% valerenic acid
*** Standardized to 11% salycin (containing the active ingredient magnesium salicylate)

Suggested use for adults:

• Four capsules daily, or as directed.

Caution: Because of some of the ingredients of willow bark, salicylate-sensitive individuals should not take this product. High doses not for use by pregnant women.

SAM-e Plus

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Enterically coated tablets with methylation and transulfuration co-factors

Product # 9124

30 tablets

tablets

Product # 9124

60 tablets

tablets

Over a decade of rigorous clinical studies in Europe and elsewhere have established SAM-e (S-adenosyl-L-methionine, an essential methylation and transulfuration cofactor) as a useful tool for supporting normal mood regulation, and joint and liver health. SAM-e increases cell membrane fluidity, up-regulates neurotransmitter receptor number, and enhances neurotransmitter receptor affinity. SAM-e supports healthy joints both by increasing the number of articular chondrocytes, and by stimulating the synthesis of protective sulfated proteoglycans therein. SAM-e also protects synovial cells against pro-inflammatory prostanoids, and blocks enzymes that degrade cartilage. SAM-e is a precursor of the critical antioxidant glutathione, a key molecule in the detoxification process in the liver. SAM-e Plus contains the tosylate form of SAM-e as used extensively in clinical trials, and includes several other ingredients found in studies to support and facilitate these functions. SAM-e Plus tablets are enterically coated, essential for preventing demethylation in the stomach.

• S-Adenosyl-L-Methionine (SAM-e) supports normal liver function by acting as a methyl donor, and by promoting the regeneration of sulfur-containing amino acids and glutathione which protect against oxidative stress and toxic substances (Aliment Pharmacol Ther 1993 Feb;7(1):21-8).
• SAM-e promotes the health of joints by stimulating the synthesis of proteoglycans in articular chondrocytes; SAM-e acts with minimal or no side effects on the gastrointestinal tract and other organs (Am J Med 1987 Nov 20;83(5A):60-5).
• SAM-e is a major source of methyl groups in the brain, and promotes normal brain function in subjects with mood irregularities (Acta Neurol Scand Suppl 1994;154:7-14).
• SAM-e Plus tablets are enterically coated, which is essential since oral SAM-e is largely demethylated in the stomach, thereby losing much of its unique character.
• SAM-e Plus includes additional nutrient factors essential for normal methylation functions (Proc Nutr Soc 1999;58:441-8, Am J Clin Nutr 1995;61:659S-665S).

Supplement Facts Serving Size - 2 tablets* Servings per container 15 or 30
Amount per serving:		%DV
B3 (niacinamid)	30 mg	150%
B6 (pyridoxin HCI )	2 mg	100%
Folic Acid	400 mcg	100%
B12 (cyanocobalamin)	20 mcg	333%
SAM-e (tosylate disulfate)	400 mg	†
Choline (bitartrate)	50 mg	†
† Daily Value (DV) not established

* Enterically coated tablets

Other ingredients: stearic acid, calcium sulfate, AC-DI-SOL, cellulose, vegetable coating

Kept refrigerated prior to shipping for your protection

Suggested use for adults:

• Two to four tablets daily, preferably morning and evening, or as directed.

VegeGlucosamine Plus™ new!

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Time-honored Ayurvedic herbs combined with glucosamine sulfate for healthy joints.

Product # 9115

180 capsules

vegatarian capsule

• Glucosamine has been shown to help maintain long-term, comfortable function of joint structures. (JAMA 2000; 283:1469-1475; Ann Pharmcother 1998; 32:580-587).
• Boswellia serrata, Withania somnifera, and Curcuma longa help maintain normal levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and enzymes such as COX-2. (Curr Op Pharmacol 2007; 7:344-351).
• Boswellia serrata enhances glucosamine sulfate's ability to maintain normal joint tissue. (Biochem Pharmacol 1989; 38:3527-3534).
• Ashwagandha helps support normal joint function. (J Ethnopharmacol 1991; 33:91-95).
• Ashwagandha has been used for thousands of years to enhance resistance to disease. (Herbal Pharmacopoeia & Therapeutic Compendium April 2000).
• There are over 2600 studies on the effect of Curcuma longa (turmeric) and its constituents. (Biochem Pharmacol 2008; 75:787-809).

Suggested use for adults:

Six capsules daily in divided doses with meals, or as directed by your health care practitioner. This product is not appropriate for pregnant or lactating women. Consult a physician before use if taking blood thinning medication. This product is intended for professional use and is manufactured under strict quality control to ensure the optimum in purity, potency and reliability. This product contains no yeast, wheat, corn, nuts, milk, salt, sugar, artificial coloring, preservatives or flavoring. Storage: Keep in a cool, dry place, tightly capped.

Overview

Synergistic support for healthy joint function with vegetable-source glucosamine.

Most osteoarthritis patients are treated with NSAIDs that reduce pain but also have significant side effects, including damage to both articular and nonarticular tissues. Well-formulated natural products can support the body’s ability to maintain pain-free joint function while enhancing its ability to maintain normal cartilage and joint structure. Botanicals such as Boswellia serrata, Withania somnifera, and Curcuma longa modulate the immune system to avoid inflammation and help maintain joint health through a variety of pathways. Glucosamine sulfate is well-documented as an effective promoter of healthy joint function, and research suggests that Boswellia enhances glucosamine sulfate’s ability to stimulate cartilage cells to maintain normal synthesis of proteoglycans. Glucosamine sulfate is now available in a plant-based form that can be used by individuals with shellfish allergies and those preferring to avoid animal-based supplements.

Willow Bark

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High potency standardized willow bark for prostanoid modification

Product # 5210

60 capsules

Willow bark contains unique salicylate glycosides and other, non-salicylate components such as flavonoids. Historically, willow bark was a favored remedy for conditions now understood to involve imbalances in prostanoid production by cyclocoxygenase (COX) enzymes. Double-blind trials confirm its value in maintaining normal function of knee, hip, and spinal joints. Modern research has found willow bark to be a gentle herb with minimal adverse effects; willow bark does not cause gastro-intestinal damage and has minimal effects on platelet aggregation. Quality control, as demonstrated by appropriate levels of salicin being present, is important to insure a good quality, effective extract.

• Willow bark is a natural source of salicylates and other compounds possessing prostanoid-modifying and antioxidant activities (J Agric Food Chem 1999;47:3954-62; Planta Med 1990;56:660; The Merck Index 1996, 1432), but is relatively free of side effects (German Commission E 1998, 230).
• Standardized willow bark extracts have been shown effective for helping to maintain long-term, comfortable function of joint structures (J Rheumatol 2004;31:2121-30; Wien Med Wochenschr 2002;152:354-9).

Supplement Facts Serving Size - 1 Capsule Servings per container 60
Amount per serving:		%DV
White Willow Bark extract* (Salix alba)	500 mg	†
† Daily Value (DV) not established

Other ingredients: vegetarian capsule, cellulose, magnesium stearate, silicon dioxide

Standardized to 25% salicin,or higher, yielding 125 mg of salicin

Suggested use for adults:

• 1-2 capsules two times daily, or as directed.