About... The Glucose Metabolism Formulas

Chromium

Chromium performs an essential role in glucose metabolism by increasing the sensitivity of the insulin receptors on the surface of most cells (Acc Chem Res 2000;33:503-510). Chromium is needed for the normal control of blood sugar and blood lipids; chromium adequacy helps maintain normal glucose disposal (J Am Coll Nutr 1997;16:404-10; J Nutr 1993;123:626-33). Chromium is lost in the urine during exercise and when genetics, diet, or lifestyle permit increasing concentrations of glucose and insulin in the blood (Proc Nutr Soc 2004;63:41-7; Am J Clin Nutr 2000;72:585S-593S). Most clinical trials have found that chromium in amounts of at least 200 mcg/day supports the maintenance of healthy blood glucose levels, and often healthy lipid levels as well (Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2000;40:291-308). Typical dietary chromium intake from Western diets averages only about 30 mcg per day (Biol Trace Elem Res 1992;32:117-121). Chromium bound to niacin (nicotinate) or picolinic acid (picolinate) is far better absorbed than inorganic forms such as chromium chloride (Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2000; 40:291-308).

Alpha Lipoic Acid

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Universal antioxidant supporting healthy glucose metabolism, nerve and eye tissues

Product # 6106

60 capsules

gelatin

Alpha Lipoic Acid (ALA) plays a key role in energy metabolism and acts as a multifunctional antioxidant in both water and lipid-soluble domains. ALA has been used for years in Europe for its ability to support normal glucose regulation and nerve and eye function. ALA also functions as a key intermediate in oxidative decarboxylation for energy producing reactions, and it facilitates enhanced antioxidant potential with glutathione, ascorbic acid and vitamin E.

• Alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) is often referred to as the “universal” antioxidant because it is both fat and water-soluble, it combats a wide variety of free radical reactions, and because it can regenerate other antioxidants back to their active state (Gen Pharmacol 1997;29:315-31; Free Rad Biol Med 1995;19:227-250).
• ALA is well-documented in human clinical research for its ability to support normal nerve function (Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 1999; 107:421-30). ALA supplements also have direct benefits for blood sugar regulation according to human research (Diabetes Care 1999;22:280-7; Free Radic Biol Med 1999;27:309–14).
• Antioxidant protection of the eyes by ALA has been reported in both human (Vestn Oftalmol 1995;111:6-8) and animal (Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1996;221:422-429) studies.
• Animal research demonstrates that ALA can protect tissues from the damaging effects of oxygen deprivation (Brain Res 1996;717:184-188).

Supplement Facts Serving Size - 1 Capsule Servings per container 60
Amount per serving:		%DV
Alpha Lipoic Acid (thioctic acid)	100 mg	†
† Daily Value (DV) not established

Other ingredients: cellulose, silicon dioxide, magnesium stearate

Suggested use for adults:

• 1-3 capsules, once or twice daily, taken with meals, or as directed.

Chromium GTF

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Synergistic Chromium-Niacin combination for healthy blood sugar

Product # 2105

120 capsules

Chromium GTF has repeatedly shown its ability to enhance insulin effectiveness and support blood glucose regulation. In addition to a highly bioavailable chromium complex not associated with yeast sources, Karuna’s Chromium GTF contains 100 mg of inositol hexaniacinate (non-flushing niacin) in a synergistic combination that has been shown effective for maintaining healthy blood levels of both glucose and lipids.

• Refer to About…Chromium (see above).
• Chromium GTF supplies niacin, which may enhance the normalizing effects of chromium on the metabolism of lipids (J Fam Pract 1988;27:603-6; FASEB J 1991;5(6):A1645) and blood sugar (Metabolism 1987;36:896-9).
• Chromium GTF contains the non-flushing ester of niacin, inositol hexaniacinate.

Supplement Facts Serving Size - 1 Capsule Servings per container 120
Amount per serving:		%DV
Niacin (inositol hexaniacinate)	100 mg	500%
Chromium (Biochrome)**	200 mcg	167%
* Daily Value (DV) not established

*CHROMAX® - stable complex of trivalent chromium with picolinic acid.

Other ingredients: vegetarian capsule, cellulose, magnesium stearate.

Suggested use for adults:

• One capsule daily, or as directed.

Chromium Picolinate

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High potency chromium for optimum blood sugar regulation

Product # 2113

60 capsules

This is a high-potency formulation, supplying chromium in amounts found more effective in recent research for supporting glucose tolerance. Additionally, the picolinate form is emerging as the preferred form used in clinical trials. One capsule daily supplies more highly bioavailable chromium than do most other chromium products on the market.

• Refer to About…Chromium (see above).
• Chromium Picolinate, 500 mcg, is a high-potency formulation, supplying the preferred dosage for optimum support of normal blood sugar metabolism (Diabetes 1997;46:1786-91).
• The picolinate form of chromium has been effectively utilized in exercising individuals (Int J Biosocial Med Res 1989;11:163-80; Curr Ther Res 1998; 59:379-88).

Supplement Facts Serving Size - 1 Capsule Servings per container 60
Amount per serving:		%DV
Chromium (picolinate)	500 mcg	417%
* Daily Value (DV) not established

Other ingredients: magnesium stearate, rice flour

Suggested use for adults:

• One capsule daily, or as directed.

FiberPro

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Multi-source fiber blend for optimum gastrointestinal and metabolic function

Product # 3105

12 oz./336 gms.

powder

Inadequate dietary fiber is common in the typical Western diet, leading to undesirable health effects on not only gastrointestinal function, but also aspects of cardiovascular, glucose tolerance, and immune system function, as well as weight control. FiberPro provides an array of fiber sources representing all of the important functions of this phytonutrient. FiberPro is also enriched with fructooligosaccharides (FOS), specific prebiotic carbohydrates which are used preferentially by beneficial intestinal bacteria such as Bifidobacteria.

• FiberPro provides an array of food fibers, including those with soluble, insoluble, viscous, and fermentable properties, each of
  which confers valuable health effects (Proc Nutr Soc 2003;62:37-43).
• Soluble fibers retard the absorbency of dietary carbohydrates, thus aiding in the regulation of blood sugar and insulin (J Am Diet Assoc 1987;87: 1189-97).
• Soluble fibers bind bile acids and inhibit the absorption of dietary cholesterol, both of which contribute to the regulation of blood cholesterol and lipids (Am J Clin Nutr 1999;69: 30-42).
• Insoluble fibers act as peristaltic stimulants, hastening evacuation, regulating bowel function and reducing bowel transit time, which minimizes the exposure of colonic epithelium to potentially toxic chemicals (Basic Life Sci 1993;61:45-63).
• Special fructooligosaccharide carbohydrates nourish beneficial intestinal microorganisms for optimal ecological balance, cellular health, and immunomodulation in the gut (Biofactors 2004;21:89-94).
• Gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) and other components of the gut immune system are favorably influenced by interaction with fiber components or with the organisms they support (Br J Nutr 2002;87:S221-30) .
• FiberPro’s neutral-tasting granules mix readily with water or juice.

Supplement Facts Serving Size - 10 gm (2 teaspoons) Servings per container 34
Amount per serving:		%DV
Calories	10	<1%
Calories from fat	0	0%
Total fat	0	0%
Saturated fat	0	0%
Cholesterol	0	0%
Sodium	0	0%
Total Carbohydrate	8 mg	3%
Dietary fiber*	6 g	24%
Sugars	1 g
† Daily Value (DV) not established		†

• As approximately: Soluble fiber 60%, Insoluble fiber 40%

  *FiberPro Proprietary Blend from psyllium husk (blond), oat fiber, guar gum, rice bran, beet fiber, soy fiber, apple fiber, flax fiber, fructooligosaccharides, aloe vera concentrate, and dried plum. Flavored with fructose.

Suggested use for adults:

• Two teaspoons (approximately 10 grams) 1-4 times daily added to 8 oz. water, or to 1 oz. juice plus 7 oz. water. Stir vigorously and drink immediately. Children, 1/2 adult dosage.

Caution: Abrupt increases in dietary fiber may cause discomfort. Begin with the lowest dose for at least the first week to allow the body to adjust to the increased fiber intake. Plenty of liquids should be consumed while taking any fiber supplement.

GlycoPro

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Micronutrient and botanical blend to promote normal glucose tolerance

Product # 9120

120 tablets

tablet

GlycoPro provides a complex of nutrients, botanicals, and phytonutrients to support the intricate balance of glucose, insulin, and lipid metabolism, as well as to protect tissues exposed to glucose. Included are several nutrients important for normal glucose and lipid regulation that may frequently be low in blood and body tissues. Antioxidants supplied specifically protect tissue proteins from undesirable glycosylation. Few products can match the broad spectrum support GlycoPro provides for healthy glucose metabolism.

• Refer to About…Chromium (see abovet).
• Magnesium, subnormal levels of which can often be found in blood and tissues, has important roles in normal glucose metabolism (Magnes Res 1998;11:25-42; Am J Clin Nutr 1992;55:1161-7; Diabetologia 1990; 33:511-14).
• Vitamin C supplements support normal blood sugar and lipid metabolism in those with low vitamin C status (Nutr Rev 1996;54:193-202; J Am Coll Nutr 1995;14:387-92).
• Vitamins C and E help protect blood vessels, kidney tissue, and nerve function from excessive concentrations of glucose that can lead to undesirable glycosylation of tissue proteins (Diabetes Care 1998;21:1915-9; J Am Coll Cardiol 2000;36:94-102; Diabet Med 2001;18:756-60; Am J Clin Nutr 2001;73:1052-7).
• L-Carnitine, an essential intracellular component for lipid utilization, supports normal glucose-related regulation of blood cholesterol and triglycerides (Nutr Rep Int 1984; 29:1071-9).
• Gymnema sylvestre has shown promising effects on promoting optimal natural insulin function (J Ethnopharmacol 1990;30:281-305).
• Optimal antioxidant and platelet function are important for preservation of health and can be effectively promoted with a wide variety of natural substances, such as vitamin E (Atherosclerosis 1997;128:97-105), ginkgo (Pharmacol Rev 1987;39:97-210) and quercetin (Clin Chem 2000; 46:1162-70).

Supplement Facts Serving Size - 4 Tablets Servings per container 30
Amount per serving:		%DV
Vitamin C (ascorbic acid)	1000 mg	1667%
Vitamin E (natural d-alpha-tocopheryl acetate)	800 IU	2667%
Vitamin B3 (niacinamide)	100 mg	500%
Magnesium (oxide)	350 mg	88%
Zinc (citrate)	15 mg	100%
Copper (citrate)	1.5 mg	75%
Chromium (nicotinate)**	200 mcg	167%
Quercetin (a bioflavonoid)	400 mg	*
Gymnema sylvestre powder	400 mg	*
Ginkgo biloba extract***	150 mg	*
L-Carnitine	75 mg	*
* Daily Value (DV) not established

**non-yeast form
***standardized to 24% ginkgo flavone glycosides and 6% terpene lactones

Suggested use for adults:

• Four tablets daily, or as directed.

Tulsi

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Adaptogenic herb from the Ayurvedic tradition

Product # 5212

120 capsules

Tulsi is a newly available botanical ­medicine from the Ayurvedic tradition of India. Classified as an adaptogenic herb similar to the ginsengs and astralagus, Tulsi has numerous positive effects on physiology established by animal research, including support for physical performance, resistance to stress, blood sugar regulation, protection against environmental chemicals, and numerous other health effects. Human trials demonstrate the promise of Tulsi for supporting normal glucose and lipid metabolism, respiratory function, energy production, joint function, and immune system activity.

• Tulsi is an adaptogenic herb, meaning that it supports normalization of physiological states and resistance to physical, chemical, or biological stress (Indian J Exp Biol 2000;38:119-28; Zeitschrift fur Phytotherapie 1992;13: 42-54).
• Animal research finding benefits to physical endurance and performance has led to human clinical trials demonstrating Tulsi to facilitate optimal energy production (J Biol Chem Sci 1995;14:184-7).
• Animal research demonstrating blood sugar regulation properties has led
  to human clinical trials finding Tulsi helps maintain normal blood sugar and blood lipids, and prevents undesirable glycosylation of proteins (Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther 1996;34: 406-9; J Nutr Environ Med 1997;7: 113-18).
• Effects on supporting respiratory function found in animal research have led to human clinical trials wherein Tulsi helped maintain healthy pulmonary function, respiratory ­airway flow, and eosinophil counts (Sacitra Ayurveda 1983;35:665-68).
• Human studies have also demonstrated immune system support (Ann Nat Acad Ind Med 1986;2:14-26; Proc 10th Int Cong Pharmacol Sydney Aust 1987;1:265), joint function optimization (Med Surg 1981;8:21) and gastroprotective effects for Tulsi (J Res Ind Med 1970; 4:238-9).

Supplement Facts Serving Size - 2 Capsules Servings per container 60
Amount per serving:		%DV
Tulsi Leaves (Ocimum sanctum)	800 mg	*
* Daily Value (DV) not established

Other ingredients: vegetarian capsule

Suggested use for adults:

• 2-4 capsules early morning and afternoon or as directed.